Memphis City is located 20 KM south of Cairo, on the west bank of the Nile River, During the Old Kingdom, it served as the nation's capital and it held the kings' primary residence. The end of the Old Kingdom by no means meant the end of Memphis as one of the most important cities in Egypt. Now the current cities (Mit Rahina, Dahshur, Saqqara, Abusir, Abu Gorab, and Zawyet el Aryan), were in the borders of ancient Memphis.

Memphis City was founded by the pharaoh Menes around 3000 BC, Memphis remained the political and administrative center of Lower- and Middle-Egypt, Quite to the contrary! Memphis remained the political and administrative center of Lower- and Middle-Egypt. This importance was recognized even by the Theban kings of the 18th Dynasty. Thutmosis III and Amenhotep II often held residence at Memphis and to be accepted as a king of Egypt, one needed to be crowned at Memphis.


The open air museum at Memphis City:

Scout around the most gleaming finds of Memphis museum which is one of the places that you must visit when you are in Egypt, it had many fine temples, palaces and gardens, The statue of Ramses II weighs about 29 tons, his feet and calves are missing, the statue is carved from one block, as Ramses was a great builder, specially building temples, he was believed to be the best pharaoh in Egypt.

Meidum Pyramid is one of the amazing and mysterious landmarks of Egypt but unfortunately is one of the fascinating forgotten sites in Egypt, is located 65 KM south of Saqqara, Built by the pharaoh Snefru, the Father of Khufu, He built as the same style of a Step Pyramid, King Huni start to built it but actually left it unfinished, and his successor, King Snefru, finished the building for him, therefore latter generations thought it was the work of Snefru.

Meidum Pyramid known as collapse pyramid because it look like a huge tower surrounded by a pile of rubble, the pyramid of Maidum seems to stand alone on the edge of the desert, close to several smaller mastabas, In front of the eastern side of the Pyramid, you will find a small funerary Temple, In front of the Temple, you will see a causeway that traditionally led to the mummification Temple, which was located at the far end, unfortunately the mummification Temple has been lost and destroyed, nothing of it remains

The Mastaba of Mereruka dates from the 6th Dynasty, its substructure is similar to a palace, has 32 rooms in total, 21 for Mereruka, 6 for his wife Water-Khet-Hor. Mereruka served during the sixth dynasty of Egypt as one of Egypt's most powerful officials at a time when the influence of local state noblemen was increasing in wealth and power.

There are also scenes of taxmen and punishment of cheaters, scenes of entertainment. The scenes of sailing and the marshes are very well detailed.

The Mastaba contains 32 rooms, decorated with painted reliefs of everyday Egyptian life: fishing, hunting, metalworking (with dwarfs), sailing, and force-feeding animals, including a hyena. A standing statue of Mereruka emerges dynamically from a niche, marking the center of his cult and the place for offerings.

At Giza Plateau lies Pyramids of Giza is the must-see Ancient Egyptian landmark, feast your eyes with one of the most attractive places in the world, the historical pyramids were built during a frenetic period of construction, from roughly 2550 to 2490 B.C, the great Pyramid known as Khufu or Cheops is the largest pyramid in the world, it height approximately 146.5 meters, second on is Chephren and the smallest one is Mycerinus.

The construction of the Pyramids began around 2540 BC and was completed around 2560 BC, the highest point of the pyramid was approximately 137 meters high, the original size was believed to be 146.60meters high, Each base side was about 230 meters, and weight around 5.9 million tons.

Khufu Pyramid (Cheops Pyramid):

The Pyramids were built for the tombs of Kings and Pharaohs, the great pyramid is one of the biosphere reserves on the planet, it is the only remaining 7 wonders of the ancient world that still stands today, For nearly 4000 years it remained the tallest man made structure in the world, The Great Pyramid built approximately 2 million blocks of limestone and slopes, which was believed to moved every day, all the stones pieces were made to fit together with extreme precision.

Khafre Pyramid (Chephren Pyramid):

The second pyramid belongs to Pharaoh Khafre, this pyramid shorter than Khufu’s pyramid with 10 meters, though appears to be larger due to the height of bed rock and stands on the northern side of Giza Plateau, the top of this pyramid has a smooth limestone cap also giving it the illusion of being larger than Khufu Pyramid too, this tomb was also looted.

Menkaure Pyramid (Mycerinus Pyramid):

The pyramid of menkaure or the third pyramid is the smallest one, its design is not as well detailed as the other two pyramids, it stands 66 meters High, and the pyramid was not complete when Menkaure died so his son Shepseskaf took the task of finished the project.